Abstract
Vertebral hemangiomas (VHs), formed from a vascular proliferation in bone marrow spaces
limited by bone trabeculae, are the most common benign tumors of the spine. While
most VHs remain clinically quiescent and often only require surveillance, rarely they
may cause symptoms. They may exhibit active behaviors, including rapid proliferation,
extending beyond the vertebral body, and invading the paravertebral and/or epidural
space with possible compression of the spinal cord and/or nerve roots (“aggressive”
VHs). An extensive list of treatment modalities is currently available, but the role
of techniques such as embolization, radiotherapy, and vertebroplasty as adjuvants
to surgery has not yet been elucidated. There exists a need to succinctly summarize
the treatments and associated outcomes to guide VH treatment plans.
In this review article, a single institution's experience in the management of symptomatic
VHs is summarized along with a review of the available literature on their clinical
presentation and management options, followed by a proposal of a management algorithm.
Key words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 11, 2023
Accepted:
April 7,
2023
Received in revised form:
March 13,
2023
Received:
December 17,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofFootnotes
FDA device/drug status: Not applicable.
Author disclosures: NT: Nothing to disclose. AC: Nothing to disclose. ZM: Nothing to disclose. MC: Nothing to disclose. KE: Nothing to disclose. GB: Nothing to disclose. PH: Nothing to disclose.
Identification
Copyright
Published by Elsevier Inc.
