Adverse events of conscious sedation in ambulatory spine procedures
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FDA device/drug status: Approved (lidocaine, bupivacaine, midazolam, and fentanyl).
Author disclosures: MKS: Consulting: Medtronic (B); Scientific Advisory Board: Smith and Nephew (B); Fellowship Support: Medtronic (C). DRM: Nothing to disclose. JLT: Nothing to disclose. ACS: Nothing to disclose.
The disclosure key can be found on the Table of Contents and at www.TheSpineJournalOnline.com.
PII: S1529-9430(11)00520-1
doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2011.07.028
© 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
