The Spine Journal
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 47-59 , January 2009

The Twin Spine Study: Contributions to a changing view of disc degeneration†

  • Michele C. Battié, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
    • Department of Public Health, The Finnish Twin Cohort Study, University of Helsinki, Finland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Corbett Hall 2-50, Edmonton, AB, T6 G 2G4 Canada. Tel.: (780) 492-5968; fax: (780) 492-1626.
    • ,
  • Tapio Videman, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
    • Department of Public Health, The Finnish Twin Cohort Study, University of Helsinki, Finland
    • ,
  • Jaakko Kaprio, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health, The Finnish Twin Cohort Study, University of Helsinki, Finland
    • ,
  • Laura E. Gibbons, PhD

      Affiliations

    • University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
    • ,
  • Kevin Gill, MD

      Affiliations

    • Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA
    • ,
  • Hannu Manninen, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
    • ,
  • Janna Saarela, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Unit, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
    • ,
  • Leena Peltonen, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
    • Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
    • The Broad Institute, MIT, Harvard, Boston, MA, USA

Received 22 September 2008 ,Accepted 18 November 2008.

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 FDA device/drug status: Not applicable.

 Nothing of value received from a commercial party.

PII: S1529-9430(08)01440-X

doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2008.11.011

The Spine Journal
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 47-59 , January 2009

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